Structural, Optical Properties and Photocatalytic Activity of Nanocrystalline TiO2 Thin Films Deposited by Sol–Gel Spin Coating

Volume 7 Issue 1 April - June 2019

Research Paper

Structural, Optical Properties and Photocatalytic Activity of Nanocrystalline TiO2 Thin Films Deposited by Sol–Gel Spin Coating

Durgam Komaraiah*, Eppa Radha**, M. V. Ramana Reddy***, J. Siva Kumar****, R. Sayanna*****

*_** PhD Scholar, Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

***_ **** Professor, Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

***** Professor (Rtd), Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Komaraiah, D., Radha, E., Reddy, M. V. R., Sivakumar. J and Sayanna, R. (2019). Structural, optical properties and photocatalytic activity ofnanocrystalline TiO2 thin films deposited by sol–gel spin coating. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 7(1), 28-36. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.7.1.15719

Abstract

Nanocrystalline TiO2 thin films were deposited on glass substrates by sol–gel spin coating technique using titanium (IV) propoxide as a precursor. The spin coated films were annealed at 550oC for 4h. Influence of the precursor concentration on the structural, optical properties, and photocatlyic activity of the TiO2 thin films was also studied. The Grazing Incidence X-ray diffractometer and UV-VIS spectrophotometer were used to determine the structural and optical properties of the TiO2 thin films. The GIXRD results showed the formation of anatase TiO2 phase with crystallite size in the range of 17.6-22.4 nm. The optical transmittance spectra reveals that the film exhibits highly transparent character in the visible region, and band edge shifts towards lower wavelength side with increase in precursor concentration. The optical band gap energy values of the films shift towards the higher energy as a consequence of the precursor concentration. The photodegradation efficiencies typically decrease with an increase in precursor concentration excluding 0.2 M for the degradation of methyl blue (MB) under visible light irradiation.

Holmium Doped Copper Indium Sulphide Thin Films with Polytypsim Structure Synthesized by Chemical Bath Deposition Method

Volume 7 Issue 1 April - June 2019

Research Paper

Holmium Doped Copper Indium Sulphide Thin Films with Polytypsim Structure Synthesized by Chemical Bath Deposition Method

Sumita Sengupta*, Mimi Akash Pateria**, Kusumanjali Deshmukh ***

* Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Physics, Chhatrapati Shivaji Institute of Technology, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India.

**Professor, Department of Applied Physics, Shri Shankaracharya Group of Institutions, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India.

*** Associate Professor, Department of Applied Physics, Shri Shankaracharya Group of Institutions, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India.

Sengupta, S., Pateria, M.A, and Deshmukh, K. (2019). Holonium Doped Copper Indium Sulphide Thin Films with Polytypsim Structure Synthesized by Chemical Bath Deposition Method. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 7(1), 21-27. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.7.1.15166

Abstract

This paper reported a rare earth Holmium (Ho) doped copper indium sulphide CuInS2 (CIS) thin film grown by using very economical chemical bath deposition method. Bath temperature was kept constant at 80oC. The main aim of this work is to synthesize a good photosensitive semiconducting film which can be used in photovoltaic devices like solar cells. The SEM images shows that the synthesized film is uniform, densely packed with cubic like grains. X-ray diffractogram confirms chalcopyrite and wurtzite phase of CuInS2. Absorption peaks are blue shifted which is due to decrease in particle size. EDAX shows that synthesized film is non-stoichiometric and confirms the doping of Ho. It is found that initially transmittance is low in UV region but increases in visible region. Higher transmittance of 90% is obtained between 540-620nm. Thus this film can be used in solar cells. Reflectance is low in the synthesized film showing that the film is anti reflection substance. The Ho doped film possesses larger band gap of 2.2 eV as compare to bulk film of CuInS2 which is due to reduced particle size. Refractive index and extinction coefficient calculated in this film are 1.79 and 0.03 respectively. Ho doped CuInS2 film is quite good photosensitive material. A strong emission peak is obtained at a wavelength of 630 nm in the IR region. The photoconductive gain calculated for the sample is ~2.6×104,which is quite good.

A Review on Recent Enhancement in Thermoelectric Properties in Telluride Compounds

Volume 7 Issue 1 April - June 2019

Research Paper

A Review on Recent Enhancement in Thermoelectric Properties in Telluride Compounds

M. Kumari*, Y. C. Sharma**

*Research scholar, Department of Physics, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

**Dean, Research & Development and Professor of Physics, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

Kumari, M., and Sharma, Y.C. (2019). A Review on Recent Enhancement in Thermoelectric Properties in Telluride Compounds. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 7(1), 12-20. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.7.1.15042

Abstract

Global Warming and energy crisis are the major problems of today's world. So, the uses of thermoelectric devices are very demanding. The materials used in thermoelectric devices to generate electricity from waste heat emitted by vehicles, industries are known as thermoelectric materials. But unfortunately a small part of waste heat is used for the generation of electricity and rest part is lost as waste heat due to low efficient TE devices. So, it's a challenging task for researchers to develop new thermoelectric materials with high efficiency. On review basis telluride based alloys are known to be best thermoelectric materials. Efficiency of TE devices depends on a dimensionless quantity termed as Figure of merit (ZT) of a material which indicates the ability of producing electricity from waste heat. Greater is the value of ZT indicates highly efficient device and larger the production of electricity. So, present work uses the strategies to enhance the efficiency of thermoelectric materials by fabricating super lattice structures of Bi2Te3 and Sb2Te3 compounds and by doping with Se in these compounds may increase the value of ZT. So, finally it can be concluded that present experimental work explores the improved thermoelectric properties of these materials with many future aspects & applications.

Material Synthesis, Energy Diagram and Physicochemical Properties of Frequency Doubling 2-Aminopyridine Barium Chloride (2APBC) Crystal

Volume 7 Issue 1 April - June 2019

Research Paper

Material Synthesis, Energy Diagram and Physicochemical Properties of Frequency Doubling 2-Aminopyridine Barium Chloride (2APBC) Crystal

D. Sivavishnu*, R. Srineevasan**, J. Johnson***

*,*** Research Scholar, PG and Research Department of Physics, Government Arts College, Tiruvannamalai, Tamil Nadu, India.

** Assistant Professor, PG and Research Department of Physics, Government Arts College, Tiruvannamalai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Sivavishnu, D., Srineevasan, R., and Johnson, J. (2019). Material Synthesis, Energy Diagram and Physicochemical Properties of Frequency Doubling 2-Aminopyridine Barium Chloride (2APBC) Crystal. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 7(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.7.1.15360

Abstract

The growth of 2-aminopyridine barium chloride (2APBC) crystal and its optical properties are discussed. 2APBC crystal was grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique at room temperature. FTIR analysis is effectively used for identifying the different molecular bonding and information about functional groups present in the synthesized compound. The powder sample of 2APBC crystal was used in Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD) analysis to confirm the good crystalline nature of the sample. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses of grown crystal shows the unit cell lattice parameters value α = 5.281 , β = 5.410 , γ = 14.898 Å, α =β = γ=90º and volume V= 425.638 Å3, and confirms that 2-aminopyridine barium chloride (2APBC) crystal belongs to the orthorhombic crystal system with noncentrosymmetric space group P212121. Defect less; good quality 2APBC crystal was subjected to linear optical study. UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy study of the grown 2APBC crystal shows good transparency in the entire UV-vis-NIR region with lower cutoff wavelength 383 nm. Optical energy band gap (Eg) was calculated using UV spectrum data. Thermal behaviour of 2APBC sample was carried out using TGA and DTA analysis. The non-linear optical efficiency such as second harmonic generation was measured for 2APBC crystal and the result is compared with known inorganic reference material KDP. The dielectric constant is high at lower frequencies and decreases with increase in frequency trend were observed in dielectric polarization study. Hardness values of the grown crystal were estimated by Vickers's microhardness test.

EPR and Spectral Studies of Cu2+ ion in (30-x)CdO- xAl2O3- 35 Bi2O3 - 34 B2O3 -1CuO Glasses

Volume 6 Issue 4 January - March 2019

Research Paper

EPR and Spectral Studies of Cu2+ ion in (30-x)CdO- xAl2O3- 35 Bi2O3 - 34 B2O3 -1CuO Glasses

A. V. Lalitha Phani*, Abdul Hameed**, Md. Shareefuddin ***, M. Narasimha Chary ****, G. Ramadevudu*****

* Associate Professor, Department of Physics, Sree Dattha College of Engineering, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

** Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Nizam College, Osmania University, Telangana, India.

*** Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

**** Professor (Rtd), Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

***** Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Vasavi College of Engineering, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Phani, A.V.P., Hameed, A., Shareefuddin, Md., Chary, M.N., and Ramadevudu, G. (2019). EPR and Spectral Studies of Cu2+ ion in (30-x)CdO- xAl2O3- 35 Bi2O3- 34 B2 O3 -1CuO Glasses i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 6(4), 67-74. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.4.15706

Abstract

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) and Optical absorption studies were investigated in CuO doped (30-x)CdO- xAl2O3 - 35 Bi2O3 - 34 B2O3 -1CuO  glasses (x=0, 5, 10, 15 mole %) were prepared by melt quenching technique. The amorphous nature of all the glass samples were confirmed by XRD technique. By using the EPR and Optical absorption measurements techniques the structural changes in the above glass system was estimated and it was confirmed that Cu2+  ions were present in tetragonally distorted octahedral sites elongated along z-axis with dx2-y2 orbital (2B1g) ground state in all of the glasses investigated. Bonding parameters had been evaluated by correlating EPR and optical absorption data. The molecular orbital band parameter values of (30-x)CdO- xAl2O3 - 35 Bi2O3 - 34 B2O3 -1CuO  glasses values indicated in plane σ-bonding (α2) is moderately ionic. The in plane π-bonding (β2) is ionic in nature and out of plane π-bonding (β'2) is shifting from moderately ionic to ionic as we move from CABBC1 to CABBC3. The FTIR spectra revealed information about the nature of bonds present in the glass matrix.

Study on the Rheological Properties of H-BN Nano Cutting Fluid in MQL Machining of Inconel 625

Volume 6 Issue 4 January - March 2019

Research Paper

Study on the Rheological Properties of H-BN Nano Cutting Fluid in MQL Machining of Inconel 625

Pariniti Singh*, Chinmaya P. Padhy**

*Research Scholar, Dept of Mechanical Engineering, School of Technology, GITAM University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

** Associate Professor, Dept of Mechanical Engineering, School of Technology, GITAM University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Singh, P., and Padhy, C. P. (2019). Study on the rheological properties of h-BN nano cutting fluid in MQL machining of Inconel 625. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 6(4), 59-66. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.4.15707

Abstract

A study has been conducted to find out the rheological properties of h-BN nano cutting fluid and then its effects have been analyzed on the machinability of Inconel 625. It is to be noted that addition of nanoparticles with improved rheological behavior helps to enhance the anti-wear and anti-frictional properties of cutting fluid. Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanoparticles are environmentally safe, chemically inert, and lubricious in nature and hence preparation of BN nano cutting fluid is a reliable option for machining with MQL technique in machining of difficult to cut material like Inconel-625. This paper includes preparation of BN-nano cutting fluid with analysis of its rheological properties and effect on machining of Inconel 625 with h-Bn nano fluid assisted MQL.

Evaluation of Solar Conversion Efficiency in Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Using Cobalt Nitrate and Magnesium Sulphate in Mixture of Dyes

Volume 6 Issue 4 January - March 2019

Research Paper

Evaluation of Solar Conversion Efficiency in Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Using Cobalt Nitrate and Magnesium Sulphate in Mixture of Dyes

Chanchal Mahavar*, Virendra Soni **, K. R. Genwa***

*_** Research Scholar, Department of Chemistry, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.

*** Professor, Department of Chemistry, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.

Mahavar, C., Soni, V., and Genwa, K. R. (2019). Evaluation of solar conversion efficiency in Dye Sensitized Solar Cell using cobalt nitrate and magnesium sulphate in mixture of dyes. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 6(4), 45-58. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.4.14832

Abstract

Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) have widely been studied for its economic benefits with better efficiency, for this purpose many metallic dyes have been synthesized. This paper aims for increasing efficiency using easy and low cost technique, which includes the effect of metallic solution prepared by using two salts, i.e. cobalt nitrate and magnesium sulphate in different solvents (DMSO, ethanol, double distilled water) for mixture of two dyes (Azur B and Crystal Violet). The prepared solution of two salts was used along with Deoxycholic solution (DCA) in dye solution to increase the stability and performance of cell. It was noticed that metallic solution alone increased the efficiency of cell, but found noticeable fluctuation in current, which was eradicated by using DCA solution. Maximum conversion efficiency was found in DMSO solvent system for Azur B and Crystal Violet dye.