Surface Enhancement and Improved Mechanical Properties of SA-210 Gr. A1 Boiler Steel by Friction Stir Processing

Volume 7 Issue 2 July - September 2019

Research Paper

Surface Enhancement and Improved Mechanical Properties of SA-210 Gr. A1 Boiler Steel by Friction Stir Processing

Supreet Singh*, Manpreet Kaur**, Manoj Kumar***, Harprabhjot Singh****, Navneetinder Singh*****, Sukanta Sarkar******

* Department of Mechanical Engineering, Baba Banda Singh Bahadur Engineering College, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India.

**_*** Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India.

**** Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Ropar, Punjab, India.

*****_****** Department of Metallurgy Engineering & Material Science, National Facility of OIM & Texture, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, India.

Singh, S., Kaur, M., Kumar, M., Singh, H., Singh, N., and Sarkar, S. (2019). Surface Enhancement and Improved Mechanical Properties of SA-210 Gr. A1 Boiler Steel by Friction Stir Processing i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 7(1), 54-66.

Abstract

Elevated temperature corrosion is an important material squalor mechanism knowledgeable in boilers in power plants energy generation sectors. Metallic materials such as low carbon steels have special properties such as easy fabrication and machinability, low cost, but a solemn disadvantage of these materials is that the deterioration in properties originating from the interface with the environment and has poor corrosion resistance. The main objective of the current investigation is to achieve strengthening of SA210 Grade A1 boiler steel through microstructural refinement by Friction Stir Processing (FSP) and analyze the effect of the same on high temperature corrosion behavior. The micro-structural, hardness, tensile and corrosion resistance of the unprocessed and FSPed materials was assessed. The characterization was done by XRD and SEM/EDS analyses with an intend to suggest mechanisms behind high temperature corrosion behavior of the FSPed samples.

Carbon Dioxide Gas Sensing Property of Nickel Substituted Zinc Ferrite

Volume 7 Issue 2 July - September 2019

Research Paper

Carbon Dioxide Gas Sensing Property of Nickel Substituted Zinc Ferrite

S. N. Patil*, B. P. ladgaaonkar**, A. M. Pawar***

*, ***Department of Electronics, Tuljaram Chaturchand College, Baramati, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

** Department of Electronics, Shankarrao Mohite College, Akluj, Solapur, Maharashtra, India.

Patil, S. N., Ladgaonkar, B. P., and Pawar, A. M. (2019). Carbon Dioxide Gas Sensing Property of Nickel Substituted Zinc Ferrite. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 7(1), 48-53.

Abstract

The polycrystalline NiZn ferrite have been synthesized by co-precipitation method and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and FTIR spectroscopy. The FTIR spectra obtained in the range from 400 cm-1to 4000 cm-1.Absorption bands observed at higher frequencies suggest the existence of significant modes of vibrations. The existence of absorption bands at frequency about 1627 cm-1, 2923 cm-1and 3437 cm-1are attributed to vibrational modes of triatomic water molecule. The absorption bands, observed at 414 cm-1and590 cm-1, confirm the formation of the spinel structure.Employing these materials, the sensing elements, were developed on cylindrical glass as substrate. Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas sensitive electrical properties of the compositions were investigated. The results are attributed to the chemisorption of oxygen species at specific operating temperature. Existence of nano crystallites favors surface phenomenon of adsorption. The materials show n-type conductivity at ambience and depict increase in the resistance due to presence of oxidizing gas. The electrical resistance of sensing elements (RCO2) was measured for variable concentration of CO2 gas from 0% to 15%. The RCO2 increases with increase in CO2. The sensitivities of the compositions under investigation are also estimated & result of investigation is discussed here.

Soft Chemical Route Synthesized CdS/CuInGaSe2 Thin Films for Photovoltaic Application

Volume 7 Issue 2 July - September 2019

Research Paper

Soft Chemical Route Synthesized CdS/CuInGaSe2 Thin Films for Photovoltaic Application

Rajesh A. Joshi*, Nikhielesh S. Bajaj**, Mukul Gupta***, Deodatta M. Phase****

*_ ** Department of Physics, Toshniwal Arts, Commerce and Science College, Sengaon, Maharashtra, India.

***_**** UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Joshi, R. A., Bajaj, N. S., Gupta, M., and Phase, D. M. (2019). Soft Chemical Route Synthesized CdS/CuInGaSe2 Thin Films for Photovoltaic Application. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 7(1), 39-47.

Abstract

Chalcopyrite heterojunction thin films of CdS/CuInGaSe2 were synthesized using soft chemical ion exchange route at room temperature over the Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) glass substrate for photovoltaic applications; these as-deposited thin films were characterized for structural, morphological, optical and electrical properties. The structural characteristics observed using X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) represents (112), (212), (105) and (205) planes corresponding to chalcopyrite phase of tetragonal CuInGaSe2 material. Peak at 21.40o in XRD confirms CdS composition, while average crystallite size calculated to be 27nm. The XRD observations supported by Raman spectrum, which represents two shifts, at ~113cm-1 and 298cm-1 respectively corresponding to A1 and B2 mode of chalcopyrite CuInGaSe2 materials. Morphological studies using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) exhibits plate like petal distribution with smaller size particles attached over the substrate surface. The energy band gap calculated using extrapolating the absorbance spectra found to be ~1.47eV. This may corresponds to defect state and stiochiometry induced charge transfer the Hall Effect measurement revealed carrier charge concentration of 3x1023cm-3, charge mobility of 7.2 cm2/Vs. I-V studies shows ~1.12% conversion efficiency under light illumination condition of 100 mW/cm2.

First Principle Electronic, Magnetic and Thermodynamic Characterization of Gd2Cu2X (X= Cd, In, Mg)Isostructural Ternary Alloys

Volume 7 Issue 2 July - September 2019

Research Paper

First Principle Electronic, Magnetic and Thermodynamic Characterization of Gd2Cu2X (X= Cd, In, Mg)Isostructural Ternary Alloys

Naveen Kumar*, Sachin Kumar**, Kamna Yadav***, Jyoti Sagar ****, Rishi Pal Singh *****

* _*** Department of Physics, M. M. H. College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.

**** Department of Chemistry, S. S. V. College, Hapur , Uttar Pradesh, India.

***** Department of Physics, S. S. V. College, Hapur, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Kumar, N., Kumar, S., Yadav, K., Sagar, J., and Singh, R. P. (2019). First Principle Electronic, Magnetic and Thermodynamic Characterization of Gd2Cu2X (X= Cd, In, Mg) Isostructural Ternary Alloys. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 7(1), 26-38

Abstract

Ternary Rare earth transition metal alloys with 2:2:1 stoichiometry viz. RE2Cu2X (RE= Rare earth, X= Cd, In, Mg) are used in the magnetic refrigeration technology due to their unique magnetic and physical properties. For more future aspect of technological applications, Gd2Cu2X (X= Cd, In, Mg) alloys have been preferred from RE2Cu2X series to study the spin polarized electronic, magnetic and thermodynamic properties using first principal theory. The spin polarized electronic behavior of Gd2Cu2X (X= Cd, In, Mg) shows that Gd-f orbital electrons play main role in the electronic conduction and magnetization. Magnetic calculations show high accuracy with available experimental/theoretical literature values on these materials. Thermodynamic calculations have been carried out in the wide temperature and pressure range for the first time.

Synthesis and characterization of La substituted M type Calcium Hexaferrite

Volume 7 Issue 2 July - September 2019

Research Paper

Synthesis and characterization of La substituted M type Calcium Hexaferrite

V. S. Shinde*, S. G. Dahotre**, L. N. Singh***

* Department of Physics, K.E.S. Anandibai Pradhan Science College, Nagothan, Maharashtra, India.

**_*** Department of Physics, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University, Lonere, Maharashtra,India.

Shinde, V. S., Dahotre, S. G., and Singh, L. N. (2019). Synthesis and Characterization of La Substituted M type Calcium Hexaferrite. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 7(1), 20-25.

Abstract

La substituted M type Calcium hexaferrite with composition CaLaxFe12-xO19 (x=0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0) were synthesized by sol gel auto combustion method. The prepared samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDAX, FTIR and VSM. X ray diffraction study shows that all the species have hexagonal crystal structure with lattice constants of a =5.87 - 5.91Å and c = 22.89 - 23.21 Å. There was increase in lattice volume with increasing La ion concentration. SEM images reveal that particles were hexagonal platelet-like shape, and the grain size increases with increase of La ion concentration. EDS measurements revealed the stoichiometric cationic ratios of the prepared samples. The absorption band between 520 cm-1 and 440cm-1 in FTIR confirm the formation of hexaferrite. The magnetic properties of the samples were studied by VSM. The change in magnetic parameters results make substituted hexaferrite material suitable for recording media.

Synthesis of Gd-Doped Ceria Films from (Ce, Gd)-EDTA Solutions via Atmospheric Sintering

Volume 7 Issue 2 July - September 2019

Research Paper

Synthesis of Gd-Doped Ceria Films from (Ce, Gd)-EDTA Solutions via Atmospheric Sintering

Keiji Komatsu*, Tsuyoshi Kikuta**, Atsushi Nakamura***, Hidetoshi Saitoh****

*_*** Department of Materials Science and Technology, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Niigata, Japan.

Komatsu, K., Kikuta, T., Nakamura, A., and Saitoh, H. (2019). Synthesis of Gd-Doped Ceria Films from (Ce, Gd)-EDTA Solutions via Atmospheric Sintering. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 7(2), 1-19.

Abstract

Gd-doped ceria (GDC) films were synthesized on Si substrates from (Ce, Gd)-EDTA solutions and atmospheric sintering. The (Ce, Gd)-EDTA solutions were coated onto silicon by a commercial spin coater and the coated samples were sintered in a furnace at 850 ℃ for 1 h. For the composition of Ce:Gd=0.8:0.2 in the EDTA complex with sintering at 850 ℃, only the crystalline phases of Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9 were synthesised on the Si substrates. Microstructures of the Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9 films had 78% 3D-relative densities as revealed by ellipsometry. Furthermore, the oxidation degree of the Ce ion was equal in the obtained Ce0.8Gd0.2O films at various experimental conditions as confirmed by XPS analysis.

Effect of Layering Pattern on Flammability and Water Absorption Behavior of Pineapple Leaf/Coir Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composites

Volume 7 Issue 1 April - June 2019

Research Paper

Effect of Layering Pattern on Flammability and Water Absorption Behavior of Pineapple Leaf/Coir Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composites

Mohit Mittal*, Rajiv Chaudhary**

* Research Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India.

** Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India.

Mittal, M., and Chaudhary, R. (2019). Effect of Layering Pattern on Flammability and Water Absorption Behavior of Pineapple Leaf/Coir Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composites i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 7(1), 44-54. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.7.1.15204

Abstract

For successful employment of natural fiber reinforced composites in structural applications, it becomes necessary to design them in such a fashion that they retards flame propagation and moisture sorption. In this context, an experimental study has been carried out to analyze the effect of layering pattern on flammability and moisture sorption of hybrid biocomposites. The different layered hybrid composite boards [pineapple/coir/pineapple (PCP), coir/pineapple/coir (CPC), bilayer (P/C), and Intimately Mixed (IM)] were developed by hand lay-up technique, keeping the volume ratio of pineapple and coir 1:1 and total fiber to matrix region ratio 40:60. In order to characterize the flammability and hydrophilicity of developed materials, the UL-94V, UL-94HB, flame penetration, and water absorption tests were carried out as per ASTM standard. The experimental results demonstrate that the CPC hybrid composite has higher resistance to burning and penetration of water molecules as compared to the other patterns. In comparison with PCP and Bilayer (P/C) composites, the intimately mixed hybrid material exhibits a lower rate of burning and total mass loss. Moreover, the Intimately Mixed (IM) hybrid composite absorbs 44.32% and 34.87% less water than that of PCP and Bilayer (P/C) composites respectively.

Effect of Lead Bromide on Vanadium Ions in Lead Borate Glasses for Applications in Modern Optical Devices

Volume 7 Issue 1 April - June 2019

Research Paper

Effect of Lead Bromide on Vanadium Ions in Lead Borate Glasses for Applications in Modern Optical Devices

K. Chandra Sekhar*, N. Narsimlu**, Samdani***, G. Ramadevudu****, M. Narasimha Chary*****, Md. Shareefuddin******

* Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Department of Physics, University College for Women, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

**Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, University College of Engineering, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

*** Lecturer,Department of Engineering, Salalah College of Technology, Salalah, Oman.

**** Professor (Rtd), Department Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

*****Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Physics Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Sekhar, K.C, Narsimlu, N., Samdani., Ramadevudu, G., Chary, N.M., and Shareefuddin, Md. (2019). Effect of lead bromide on vanadium ions in lead borate glasses for applications in modern optical devices. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 7(1), 37-43. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.7.1.15718

Abstract

The lead halo borate glasses with composition xPbBr2 - (30−x)PbO - 68B2O3- 2V2O5 (where 5 ≤ x ≤ 25 mol%) were prepared by using melt quenching technique. Physical and optical properties were investigated with increasing PbBr2 content. Using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), amorphous nature of glass samples is confirmed. Archimedes principle is used to determine the density of the glass samples. When oxygen ions are replaced by bromine ions the density is found to decrease. The ionic radii of bromide ions played an important role in explaining the physical properties like density and molar volume. Optical band gap and Urbach energy values were evaluated from optical absorption spectra. Using these values refractive index, molar refraction and molar electronic polarisability were determined. FTIR analysis was employed to explore the impact of lead bromide on the structure of lead borate glasses.

Structural, Optical Properties and Photocatalytic Activity of Nanocrystalline TiO2 Thin Films Deposited by Sol–Gel Spin Coating

Volume 7 Issue 1 April - June 2019

Research Paper

Structural, Optical Properties and Photocatalytic Activity of Nanocrystalline TiO2 Thin Films Deposited by Sol–Gel Spin Coating

Durgam Komaraiah*, Eppa Radha**, M. V. Ramana Reddy***, J. Siva Kumar****, R. Sayanna*****

*_** PhD Scholar, Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

***_ **** Professor, Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

***** Professor (Rtd), Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Komaraiah, D., Radha, E., Reddy, M. V. R., Sivakumar. J and Sayanna, R. (2019). Structural, optical properties and photocatalytic activity ofnanocrystalline TiO2 thin films deposited by sol–gel spin coating. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 7(1), 28-36. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.7.1.15719

Abstract

Nanocrystalline TiO2 thin films were deposited on glass substrates by sol–gel spin coating technique using titanium (IV) propoxide as a precursor. The spin coated films were annealed at 550oC for 4h. Influence of the precursor concentration on the structural, optical properties, and photocatlyic activity of the TiO2 thin films was also studied. The Grazing Incidence X-ray diffractometer and UV-VIS spectrophotometer were used to determine the structural and optical properties of the TiO2 thin films. The GIXRD results showed the formation of anatase TiO2 phase with crystallite size in the range of 17.6-22.4 nm. The optical transmittance spectra reveals that the film exhibits highly transparent character in the visible region, and band edge shifts towards lower wavelength side with increase in precursor concentration. The optical band gap energy values of the films shift towards the higher energy as a consequence of the precursor concentration. The photodegradation efficiencies typically decrease with an increase in precursor concentration excluding 0.2 M for the degradation of methyl blue (MB) under visible light irradiation.

Holmium Doped Copper Indium Sulphide Thin Films with Polytypsim Structure Synthesized by Chemical Bath Deposition Method

Volume 7 Issue 1 April - June 2019

Research Paper

Holmium Doped Copper Indium Sulphide Thin Films with Polytypsim Structure Synthesized by Chemical Bath Deposition Method

Sumita Sengupta*, Mimi Akash Pateria**, Kusumanjali Deshmukh ***

* Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Physics, Chhatrapati Shivaji Institute of Technology, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India.

**Professor, Department of Applied Physics, Shri Shankaracharya Group of Institutions, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India.

*** Associate Professor, Department of Applied Physics, Shri Shankaracharya Group of Institutions, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India.

Sengupta, S., Pateria, M.A, and Deshmukh, K. (2019). Holonium Doped Copper Indium Sulphide Thin Films with Polytypsim Structure Synthesized by Chemical Bath Deposition Method. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 7(1), 21-27. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.7.1.15166

Abstract

This paper reported a rare earth Holmium (Ho) doped copper indium sulphide CuInS2 (CIS) thin film grown by using very economical chemical bath deposition method. Bath temperature was kept constant at 80oC. The main aim of this work is to synthesize a good photosensitive semiconducting film which can be used in photovoltaic devices like solar cells. The SEM images shows that the synthesized film is uniform, densely packed with cubic like grains. X-ray diffractogram confirms chalcopyrite and wurtzite phase of CuInS2. Absorption peaks are blue shifted which is due to decrease in particle size. EDAX shows that synthesized film is non-stoichiometric and confirms the doping of Ho. It is found that initially transmittance is low in UV region but increases in visible region. Higher transmittance of 90% is obtained between 540-620nm. Thus this film can be used in solar cells. Reflectance is low in the synthesized film showing that the film is anti reflection substance. The Ho doped film possesses larger band gap of 2.2 eV as compare to bulk film of CuInS2 which is due to reduced particle size. Refractive index and extinction coefficient calculated in this film are 1.79 and 0.03 respectively. Ho doped CuInS2 film is quite good photosensitive material. A strong emission peak is obtained at a wavelength of 630 nm in the IR region. The photoconductive gain calculated for the sample is ~2.6×104,which is quite good.

A Review on Recent Enhancement in Thermoelectric Properties in Telluride Compounds

Volume 7 Issue 1 April - June 2019

Research Paper

A Review on Recent Enhancement in Thermoelectric Properties in Telluride Compounds

M. Kumari*, Y. C. Sharma**

*Research scholar, Department of Physics, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

**Dean, Research & Development and Professor of Physics, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

Kumari, M., and Sharma, Y.C. (2019). A Review on Recent Enhancement in Thermoelectric Properties in Telluride Compounds. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 7(1), 12-20. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.7.1.15042

Abstract

Global Warming and energy crisis are the major problems of today's world. So, the uses of thermoelectric devices are very demanding. The materials used in thermoelectric devices to generate electricity from waste heat emitted by vehicles, industries are known as thermoelectric materials. But unfortunately a small part of waste heat is used for the generation of electricity and rest part is lost as waste heat due to low efficient TE devices. So, it's a challenging task for researchers to develop new thermoelectric materials with high efficiency. On review basis telluride based alloys are known to be best thermoelectric materials. Efficiency of TE devices depends on a dimensionless quantity termed as Figure of merit (ZT) of a material which indicates the ability of producing electricity from waste heat. Greater is the value of ZT indicates highly efficient device and larger the production of electricity. So, present work uses the strategies to enhance the efficiency of thermoelectric materials by fabricating super lattice structures of Bi2Te3 and Sb2Te3 compounds and by doping with Se in these compounds may increase the value of ZT. So, finally it can be concluded that present experimental work explores the improved thermoelectric properties of these materials with many future aspects & applications.

Material Synthesis, Energy Diagram and Physicochemical Properties of Frequency Doubling 2-Aminopyridine Barium Chloride (2APBC) Crystal

Volume 7 Issue 1 April - June 2019

Research Paper

Material Synthesis, Energy Diagram and Physicochemical Properties of Frequency Doubling 2-Aminopyridine Barium Chloride (2APBC) Crystal

D. Sivavishnu*, R. Srineevasan**, J. Johnson***

*,*** Research Scholar, PG and Research Department of Physics, Government Arts College, Tiruvannamalai, Tamil Nadu, India.

** Assistant Professor, PG and Research Department of Physics, Government Arts College, Tiruvannamalai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Sivavishnu, D., Srineevasan, R., and Johnson, J. (2019). Material Synthesis, Energy Diagram and Physicochemical Properties of Frequency Doubling 2-Aminopyridine Barium Chloride (2APBC) Crystal. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 7(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.7.1.15360

Abstract

The growth of 2-aminopyridine barium chloride (2APBC) crystal and its optical properties are discussed. 2APBC crystal was grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique at room temperature. FTIR analysis is effectively used for identifying the different molecular bonding and information about functional groups present in the synthesized compound. The powder sample of 2APBC crystal was used in Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD) analysis to confirm the good crystalline nature of the sample. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses of grown crystal shows the unit cell lattice parameters value α = 5.281 , β = 5.410 , γ = 14.898 Å, α =β = γ=90º and volume V= 425.638 Å3, and confirms that 2-aminopyridine barium chloride (2APBC) crystal belongs to the orthorhombic crystal system with noncentrosymmetric space group P212121. Defect less; good quality 2APBC crystal was subjected to linear optical study. UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy study of the grown 2APBC crystal shows good transparency in the entire UV-vis-NIR region with lower cutoff wavelength 383 nm. Optical energy band gap (Eg) was calculated using UV spectrum data. Thermal behaviour of 2APBC sample was carried out using TGA and DTA analysis. The non-linear optical efficiency such as second harmonic generation was measured for 2APBC crystal and the result is compared with known inorganic reference material KDP. The dielectric constant is high at lower frequencies and decreases with increase in frequency trend were observed in dielectric polarization study. Hardness values of the grown crystal were estimated by Vickers's microhardness test.

EPR and Spectral Studies of Cu2+ ion in (30-x)CdO- xAl2O3- 35 Bi2O3 - 34 B2O3 -1CuO Glasses

Volume 6 Issue 4 January - March 2019

Research Paper

EPR and Spectral Studies of Cu2+ ion in (30-x)CdO- xAl2O3- 35 Bi2O3 - 34 B2O3 -1CuO Glasses

A. V. Lalitha Phani*, Abdul Hameed**, Md. Shareefuddin ***, M. Narasimha Chary ****, G. Ramadevudu*****

* Associate Professor, Department of Physics, Sree Dattha College of Engineering, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

** Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Nizam College, Osmania University, Telangana, India.

*** Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

**** Professor (Rtd), Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

***** Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Vasavi College of Engineering, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Phani, A.V.P., Hameed, A., Shareefuddin, Md., Chary, M.N., and Ramadevudu, G. (2019). EPR and Spectral Studies of Cu2+ ion in (30-x)CdO- xAl2O3- 35 Bi2O3- 34 B2 O3 -1CuO Glasses i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 6(4), 67-74. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.4.15706

Abstract

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) and Optical absorption studies were investigated in CuO doped (30-x)CdO- xAl2O3 - 35 Bi2O3 - 34 B2O3 -1CuO  glasses (x=0, 5, 10, 15 mole %) were prepared by melt quenching technique. The amorphous nature of all the glass samples were confirmed by XRD technique. By using the EPR and Optical absorption measurements techniques the structural changes in the above glass system was estimated and it was confirmed that Cu2+  ions were present in tetragonally distorted octahedral sites elongated along z-axis with dx2-y2 orbital (2B1g) ground state in all of the glasses investigated. Bonding parameters had been evaluated by correlating EPR and optical absorption data. The molecular orbital band parameter values of (30-x)CdO- xAl2O3 - 35 Bi2O3 - 34 B2O3 -1CuO  glasses values indicated in plane σ-bonding (α2) is moderately ionic. The in plane π-bonding (β2) is ionic in nature and out of plane π-bonding (β'2) is shifting from moderately ionic to ionic as we move from CABBC1 to CABBC3. The FTIR spectra revealed information about the nature of bonds present in the glass matrix.

Study on the Rheological Properties of H-BN Nano Cutting Fluid in MQL Machining of Inconel 625

Volume 6 Issue 4 January - March 2019

Research Paper

Study on the Rheological Properties of H-BN Nano Cutting Fluid in MQL Machining of Inconel 625

Pariniti Singh*, Chinmaya P. Padhy**

*Research Scholar, Dept of Mechanical Engineering, School of Technology, GITAM University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

** Associate Professor, Dept of Mechanical Engineering, School of Technology, GITAM University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Singh, P., and Padhy, C. P. (2019). Study on the rheological properties of h-BN nano cutting fluid in MQL machining of Inconel 625. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 6(4), 59-66. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.4.15707

Abstract

A study has been conducted to find out the rheological properties of h-BN nano cutting fluid and then its effects have been analyzed on the machinability of Inconel 625. It is to be noted that addition of nanoparticles with improved rheological behavior helps to enhance the anti-wear and anti-frictional properties of cutting fluid. Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanoparticles are environmentally safe, chemically inert, and lubricious in nature and hence preparation of BN nano cutting fluid is a reliable option for machining with MQL technique in machining of difficult to cut material like Inconel-625. This paper includes preparation of BN-nano cutting fluid with analysis of its rheological properties and effect on machining of Inconel 625 with h-Bn nano fluid assisted MQL.

Evaluation of Solar Conversion Efficiency in Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Using Cobalt Nitrate and Magnesium Sulphate in Mixture of Dyes

Volume 6 Issue 4 January - March 2019

Research Paper

Evaluation of Solar Conversion Efficiency in Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Using Cobalt Nitrate and Magnesium Sulphate in Mixture of Dyes

Chanchal Mahavar*, Virendra Soni **, K. R. Genwa***

*_** Research Scholar, Department of Chemistry, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.

*** Professor, Department of Chemistry, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.

Mahavar, C., Soni, V., and Genwa, K. R. (2019). Evaluation of solar conversion efficiency in Dye Sensitized Solar Cell using cobalt nitrate and magnesium sulphate in mixture of dyes. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 6(4), 45-58. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.4.14832

Abstract

Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) have widely been studied for its economic benefits with better efficiency, for this purpose many metallic dyes have been synthesized. This paper aims for increasing efficiency using easy and low cost technique, which includes the effect of metallic solution prepared by using two salts, i.e. cobalt nitrate and magnesium sulphate in different solvents (DMSO, ethanol, double distilled water) for mixture of two dyes (Azur B and Crystal Violet). The prepared solution of two salts was used along with Deoxycholic solution (DCA) in dye solution to increase the stability and performance of cell. It was noticed that metallic solution alone increased the efficiency of cell, but found noticeable fluctuation in current, which was eradicated by using DCA solution. Maximum conversion efficiency was found in DMSO solvent system for Azur B and Crystal Violet dye.

Multi-Objective Optimization of a Process Parameter in Turning of Titanium Alloy Using GRA, PCA and RSM Method

Volume 6 Issue 4 January - March 2019

Research Paper

Multi-Objective Optimization of a Process Parameter in Turning of Titanium Alloy Using GRA, PCA and RSM Method

Sivakoteswararao Katta*, G. Chaitanya**, B. Ravi Shankar ***

*Research Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.

**Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, RVR&JC College of Engineering, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.

***Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bapatla Engineering College, Bapatla, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Katta, S., Chaitanya, G., and Shankar, B. R. (2019). Multi-objective optimization of a process parameter in turning of titanium alloy using GRA, PCA and RSM method. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 6(4), 33-44. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.4.14816

Abstract

In the present machining environment, application of nanofluids in metal cutting operations plays a vital role to improve machinability and efficiency of the machine tool. To reduce environmental hazards, minimal fluid application is more suitable. The preparation of suitable nanofluids is still a difficult task for metal cutting industries. The selection of nanoparticle and cutting fluids are not so easy because its properties will affect the performance of nanofluid preparation and performance. Titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) alloy is used as a work material because of its inherent properties. Uncoated carbide tool is used to cut the work material because of its less cost with good hardness capability. To find optimal machining condition and prediction, optimal output responses are very useful for the metal cutting process to enhance the machine tool performance. In the present research work, graphene nanoparticle was selected because its high thermal conductivity at elevated temperatures, and vegetable oils (soybean oils ) with high viscosity index to reduce tool wear, surface roughness, temperature, and cycle time. A nanofluid based minimal fluid application with optimization using GRA, PCA, and RSM proved its best. All three optimization process gave very close valves to each other. Since this research is a multi-objective, these developed models using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), Grey Relational Analysis (GRA), and Principal Component Analysis can be used for evaluation of surface roughness, cutting force, tool wear, temperature, and cutting time as well.

Dielectric Properties of Sm/Zr Substituted Mg-Mn Ferrites

Volume 6 Issue 4 January - March 2019

Research Paper

Dielectric Properties of Sm/Zr Substituted Mg-Mn Ferrites

G. Bhanu Praveen*, A. D. P. Rao**

*Research Scholar, Department of Nuclear Physics, Andhra University Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

** Professor, Department of Nuclear Physics, Andhra University Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Praveen, G.B., and Rao, A.D.P. (2019). Dielectric Properties of Sm/Zr Substituted Mg-Mn Ferrites. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 6(4), 11-32. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.4.14882

Abstract

Two series of Mg-Mn ferrites with the substitution of Sm3+ and or Zr4+ having the chemical compositions Mg0.95 Mn0.05 Sm2x Fe2-2x O4 and Mg0.95 Mn0.05+x ZrxFe2-2x O4 have been prepared. Two types such as bulk as well as nano size particles ferrite materials are prepared for relative studies of these materials. Dielectric properties such as dielectric constant, complex dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent along with AC resistivity are investigated in the frequency range 1 Hz to 10 MHz and temperature range -150 to 300°C. The value of x varies from 0.0 to 0.5 in steps of 0.1. The obtained experimental results of dielectric constant, loss factor, and AC resistivity of bulk size ferrites are compared relative to nano size ferrites.

Morphological Studies and Mechanical Characteristics of Aluminium Hybrid Composite Reinforced with Fly Ash and Nano Red Mud

Volume 6 Issue 4 January - March 2019

Research Paper

Morphological Studies and Mechanical Characteristics of Aluminium Hybrid Composite Reinforced with Fly Ash and Nano Red Mud

G. Siva Karuna*, P. Suresh Babu**

*Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Visakha Institute of Engineering and Technology, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

** Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Maha Veer Institute of Science and Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Karuna, G.S., and Babu, P. S. (2019). Morphological Studies and Mechanical Characteristics of Aluminium Hybrid Composite Reinforced With Fly Ash and Nano Red Mud. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science , 6(4), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.4.15437

Abstract

When compared with all the conventional materials, different aluminium alloys are gaining their attention in many areas of interest like aerospace, automobile, and manufacturing due to their enhanced mechanical properties. The 2xxx series of aluminium alloy is being used to a large degree due to their augmented properties like a great response to aging, excellent formability, and high strength. In this investigation, research is carried out to understand the changes in the mechanical properties and microstructure characteristics of AA2024 under the influence of various by-products of the industries, which are also known as industrial wastes in the form of reinforcements during the preparation of aluminium metal matrix composites. By this work, usage of industrial solid wastes as reinforcement would reduce the cost of the products in widespread applications. Among various industrial wastes, red mud and fly ash are chosen as reinforcement in preparation of MMC. Stir casting process is used for synthesizing MMC with 2, 4, and 6% weight fractions of nano red mud and fixed weight fraction of micro fly ash each. For the synthesized hybrid composite, experimental tests were carried out for various mechanical properties. It was found that there is a great improvement in the ultimate strengths and hardness with an increase in the weight fractions of the reinforcement, and decrease in the density of the composite with increasing weight fractions of the reinforcement. To examine the microstructure characteristics, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) is used for the prepared hybrid composite. It has been found that there has been a uniform distribution of the reinforcement around the matrix. FESEM and EDS results have revealed the presence of nano red mud and fly ash around the matrix and also revealed that absence of any voids or cracks in the prepared hybrid composite.

Review on The Impact of Deposition Conditions on Reactively Deposited CZTSe Thin Films

Volume 6 Issue 3 October - December 2018

Review Paper

Review on The Impact of Deposition Conditions on Reactively Deposited CZTSe Thin Films

Rekha Prajapat*, Y. C. Sharma**

* Research Scholar, Department of Physics, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

**Dean, Research & Development and Professor of Physics, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

Prajapat, R., and Sharma, Y. C. (2018). Review on the Impact of Deposition Conditions on Reactively Deposited CZTSe Thin Films. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 6(3), 50-55. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.3.14831

Abstract

In the second generation thin film solar cell, Copper Zinc Tin Selenium (CZTSe) thin film is considered as the quintessential absorber layer in solar cell as its constituents are earth abundant and non-toxic, making it environmental friendly. Many fabrication methods have been employed to fabricate the films like Thermal evaporation method, pulsed layer deposition, RF-DC Sputtering, etc. The authors have monitored the aspects that highly influence the band gap of CZTSe thin films during the deposition process. This paper recapitulate the parameters that affect the band gap of CZTSe thin film as an absorber layer like substrate temperature, annealing temperature, and order of precursors.

Structural, Optical and Photocatalytic Properties of Anatase/Rutile TiO2 Nanoparticles

Volume 6 Issue 3 October - December 2018

Research Paper

Structural, Optical and Photocatalytic Properties of Anatase/Rutile TiO2 Nanoparticles

Eppa Radha*, Durgam Komaraiah**, M. V. Ramana Reddy***, R. Sayanna****, J. Sivakumar*****

*_** PhD Scholar, Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

***, ***** Professor, Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

**** Professor (Rtd), Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Radha, E., Komaraiah, D., Reddy, M. V. R., Sayanna, R., and Sivakumar, J. (2018). Structural, Optical and Photocatalytic Properties of Anatase/Rutile TiO2 Nanoparticles. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 6(3), 43-49. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.6.3.15318

Abstract

Titania photocatalyst was synthesized by sol-gel method using titanium tetra isopropoxide (TTIP) as a precursor. The TiO2 was annealed at 600oC and 800oC and then characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), UV-Vis DRSand FTIR spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction analysis confirms that the TiO2 annealed at 600oC was found to be anatase phase and annealed at 800oC was found to be rutile phase. The crystalline size of anatase TiO2 is about 17 nm and rutile is about 50nm. The characteristic IR bandobserved from 400 to 900 cm−1corresponds to the Ti–O bond stretching vibrations can be clearly observed from FTIR analysis. The indirect band gap energy of rutile TiO2 is about 2.83 eV and anatase TiO2 is about 3.00 eV.Photocatalytic activity of TiO2 was evaluated by photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye in aqueous solution as a model pollutant under visible light irradiation. Aanatase TiO2 exhibited more efficient PCA than the rutile TiO2. After 4h photodegradation of MB solution was obtained to 96% foranatase TiO2 and 90% for rutile. The small crystallite size and anatase phase probably resulted in the high photocatalytic activity of TiO2.